Index map of the airborne survey blocks flown between 2003 and 2010 for the nigerian geological survey agency electromagnetic surveys not shown. Depobelt and structural play map of the niger delta basin showing the study area. Get sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east book by elsevier pdf file for free from our online library. Pdf geological map of the transboundary region benin. The sedimentary thickness of the sokoto basin in general, appears to increases from south to north. Total thickness as mentioned above, thick sedimentary formations in bor nu basin mainly concentrate in the three depressions a, c and d fig. They are extensively intruded by dolerite sills and dykes which, in collusion with predominantly basaltic volcanism. Sedimentary basins and petroleum geology pdf download. Sedimentary basins and petroleum geology pdf download, jamie oliver goli kuhar pdf download 1cc1596b1f sedimentary basins ofindia search results read books online free.
Lecture notes sedimentary geology earth, atmospheric. It is frequently regarded as the northwestern extension of the anambra basin to the southeast. The three sedimentary basins in nigeria are underlain by continental crust except in the niger delta, where the basement rock is interpreted to be oceanic crust. Modeling of magnetic anomaly zones in sokoto basin, nigeria. It is also defined as, a low lying areadepression where sediments can be deposit is called sedimentary basin. Sedimentary basins range in size from as small as hundreds of meters to large parts of ocean basins. The slope channels are all less than 50m in thickness and are filled with sediment density flow deposits. An older and a younger group of sedimentary basins can be distinguished in. Whereas low magnetic values are usually from sedimentary rocks or altered basement rocks. Sedimentological attributes and stratigraphic of nanka formation, anambra basin, nigeria acra 2e. Igneous and metamorphic rocks constitute the pre cambrian basement complex which is the oldest, crystalline, solid physical foundation of the country.
The bida basin, which is one of the major inland sedimentary basins in nigeria, is oriented in the northwest southeastern direction and perpendicular to the main axis of the benue trough and the niger delta basin of nigeria fig. More than 50 complexes occur in nigeria obaje, 2009. This basin is very complex, and it carries high economic value as it contains a very. They are pervasive on earth and form in response to complex geologic processes. Anambra basin is one of the energyrich inland sedimentary basins in nigeria 153 it is a nearly triangular shaped embayment covering about 3000 km 2 with a total sedimentary thickness of approximately 9 km 2. Between and around the upland areas are sedimentary basins characterized by sandstones, shales, limestones, mudstones, clays and sands. Nigeria can broadly be subdivided into three major geological components and these are.
Geology and mineral resources of nigeria springerlink. An extensive section of this area is identified as the high plains of hausa land udo, 1970. Geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects of sedimentary basins in northern nigeria. The basin is a nwse trending embayment, perpendicular to the main axis of the benue trough and the niger delta basin. The other aspect of geothermal exploration in nigeria is. Tectonics of sedimentary basins wiley online books. The calabar flank is an epirogenic sedimentary basin in southeastern nigeria murat,1972. The crust is thin, dense, and topographically low across the ocean basins, but thick, of lower density, and. Altogether at least 34,000 gravity stations were established over an area of 180 degree squares. Simulating geologic, thermal and fluidflow processes in sedimentary basins over time. Abstract nigerias search for increased oil and gas reserves requires the discovery of additional petroleum plays using more accurate exploration techniques like sequence stratigraphy. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l.
Experimental characterization of physicochemical and. Pdf geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects. The basin is a gently downwarped trough whose genesis may be closely connected with the santonian orogenic movements of southeastern nigeria and the benue valley, nearby. Geological map of the transboundary region benin, niger, and nigeria. The niger delta basin, also referred to as the niger delta province, is an extensional rift basin located in the niger delta and the gulf of guinea on the passive continental margin near the western coast of nigeria with suspected or proven access to cameroon. Basement geology in the sedimentary basins of nigeria. The mineral resources so far reported in the trough by the geological survey of nigeria agency are discussed below. Palynofacies studies of sedimentary succession in ogbabu1 well was carried out on ninety 90 ditch cutting samples retrieved from ogbabu1 well in anambra basin, lower benue trough, nigeria with the aim of giving a detailed palynofacies study of the ogbabu1 well, anambra basin using sedimentology and palynology as geologic tools. Subject to section 6 of the interpretation act, the river basins development authori ties act 1979 is hereby repealed and the assets and liabilities of any authority established under the said act are hereby transferred respectively to the authority exercising func tions under this act in the area of operation of that authority. Various faults were also identified, illustrating the structural complexity of the mamfe basin, along the manyu river. O3 1department of geology, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria 2,3 dept. There are groundwater occurrences in both the sedimentary and basement complex areas, but in varying degrees of yield. Basement geology in the sedimentary basins of nigeria geology.
In some of the sedimentary basins, particularly chad basin. Lecture notes field trip download course materials. Beneath these crustal elements is the more continuous subcrustal lithosphere. Geological survey editorial standards or with the north american stratigraphic. Geophysical and geological evidence for the benuechad. The nature, description, and classification of sediments pdf 1. Pdf distribution of sedimentary formations in the bornu basin. Sedimentary basins form primarily in convergent, divergent and transform settings. Groundwater also occurs in some areas within the basement complex but with comparatively lower yields from boreholes except in deeply weathered or fractured locations. Jul 09, 2009 contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources. The mamfe sedimentary basin is a rifting basin formed in response to the gondwana breakup and subsequent separation of the south american and african plates. There are seven sedimentary basins in nigeria of which the niger delta basin is key, having a thickness of about 12 km in the depocenter short and stauble, 1967 and an area extent of approximately 75,000 km2 essentially in southern nigeria and the gulf of guinea, offshore nigeria. Sedimentary succes sions in these basins are of middle mesozoic to recent age.
Nigerias nationwide highresolution airborne geophysical surveys. Geological developments in the basin in terms of basin evolution and structural features have been discussed by many authors. Sokoto and chad basins are part of larger basins outside nigeria. The sediment fill in the niger delta basin is characterized by three major.
The sedimentary basins of prime hydrogeological significance in nigeria are discernible from the geological map. The tanocape three points basin is a cretaceous wrench modified pullapart basin. P4and itiowe k5 1,5department of geology, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria 2 dept. Other minor formations are the volcanic plateau and the river alluvium. Sedimentary rocks fill up the basins which are vast depressions between basement landmass. Crustal structure of southern benue trough, nigeria from 3d. Nigeria has tremendous oil and natural gas resources housed in its thick sedimentary basins, as well as reserves of gold, lead, zinc, tantalite, columbite, coal and tin. Palynofacies studies of sedimentary succession in ogbabu1. Sedimentary basins are regions of earth of longterm subsidence creating accommodation space for infilling by sediments. Robertson basins and plays tellus sedimentary basins of the world map aapg datapages and the gis publications committee wish to thank robertson a cgg company for allowing the robertson sedimentary basins of the world map to be posted on datapages gis open files page, thereby making it available to the public as a free download. In the deepwater beyond the 200m isobath, the sedimentary area has been estimated to be about 1. The southern nigeria sedimentary basin includes the lagososse and the niger delta basins that are separated by the benin hinge line the okitipupa ridge. Structural interpretation of the mamfe sedimentary basin. The heat production was computed from gamma ray logs for three oil producing wells.
The present study examines the stratigraphic succession of benin and western nigeria offshore basins and attempts to compare these stratigraphic nomenclatures. Pdf geological map of the transboundary region benin, niger. Sedimentary basins, which are roughly in equal proportions figure 2. Major minerals metallic minerals tin, columbite, tantalite, leadzinc. It is a shallow, linear depression with sedimentary fill of about 3,000 m thick udensi and osazuwa, 2004. Recent advances focuses on key topics or areas where the greatest strides forward have been made, while also providing online access to the comprehensive 1995 book.
The basin according to nyong 1995 is bounded the southern rim of oban massif in the north, calabar hinge line separates the basin from niger delta basin in the south,ikpe platform. Sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the carboniferous to jurassic karoo supergroup occur in the aranos, huab and waterberg basins, in the southeastern and northwestern parts of the country. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. Jan 09, 2016 pdf sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east download full ebook. The southern nigeria sedimentary basin includes the lagososse and the niger delta.
Nigeria is a vast country with considerable wealth in natural resources and. The results show above m depth, sedimentary layers with resistivities in the range of 1 to 100 ohmm, which decrease with depth. Hydrocarbon potential of two coastal basins cameroon. Basin and petroleum system modeling bpsm reconstructs the deposition of source, reservoir, seal and overburden rocks and the processes of trap formation and hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation from past left to present right. The bida basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin extending from kontagora in niger state of nigeria to areas slightly beyond lokoja in the south fig. Executive summary the dynamics of sedimentary basins the. Part 1 discusses the geology of the crystalline rocks and their regional distribution while the sedimentary basins constitute the subject of part 2.
A sedimentary basin can be made just by erecting high land in an adjacent area by volcanism. Sedimentology and depositional environments of the. The major aquifers in nigeria are basement aquifers, sedimentary basins, volcanic plateau, and river alluvium. Geological survey of nigeria agency has played an active role in the exploration for mineral deposits in nigeria.
Basement aquifers consist of crystalline and coarsegrained rocks and argillaceous meta. Pdf an overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. Download sedimentarybasinsandpetroleumgeologyofthemiddleeastasalsharhan for free sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east as alsharhan. The three major rock types igneous, meta morphic and sedimentary abound in nigeria. The northwest southeastern trending bida basin forms one of the major inland sedimentary basins in nigeria. Africa covers a larger land area than the usa, europe, india and the asean nations put together. Sedimentary basins in india india has 26 sedimentary basins covering an area of 3.
The sedimentary basins of india, onland and offshore up to the 200m isobath, have an areal extent of about 1. The lower benue trough like other sedimentary basins in nigeria is found to be endowed with mineral resources. Sedimentary basins form part of the earths crust, or lithosphere. Sokoto and nigerian part of chad sedimentary basins, where relatively high geothermal gradients were found. The tectonic, stratigraphic and organic geochemical evaluations of these basins suggest the similarity with the contiguous basins of chad and niger republics and sudan, where commercial oil discovery have been made.
What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata. Distribution of sedimentary formations in the bornu basin. The basement precambrian in age is further subdivided into five regions on the basis of the occurrence of sedimentary basins. Geology of nigeria sedimentary series in 7 basins niger delta, dahomey, anambra, bida, benue related to the opening of the gulf of the guinea. Structural interpretation of the mamfe sedimentary basin of. Structural interpretation of part of anambra basin nigeria. Sedimentary basins the cretaceous to recent basins in nigeria include. Contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources. At their largest, sedimentary basins can be hundreds to thousands of kilometers in horizontal dimensions and contain more than 10 15 m 3 of buried materials.
Sequence stratigraphic technique was applied to sediments in the xy field, onshore niger delta by integrating. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george. Diagenetic study of sandstone sediments in parts of anambra. Basins that are separated by the benin hinge line the okitipupa ridge. Preliminary catalog of the sedimentary basins of the. Nigeria is underlain by seven major sedimenta ry basins, viz. Enugu shales consist mainly of carbonaceous shales and coals within the upper half. Following on from the first 2 books in the series, sedimentary basins of the world, which covered chinese sedimentary basins volume 1 and south pacific sedimentary basins volume 2, comes volume 3, on african basins. It lies on an nwse trending trough with a length of km and a width of 60 km and constitutes a small prolongation of the benue trough where important oil fields have been discovered. Tectonics is needed to make sedimentary basins, but the record of the basin itself is sedimentary. Heavy minerals and geochemical characteristics of sandstones as indices of provenance and source area tectonics of the ogwashiasaba formation, niger delta basin. The basin according to nyong 1995 is bounded the southern rim of oban massif in the north, calabar hinge line separates the basin from niger delta basin in the south,ikpe platform and cameroon volcanic trend in the west and east.
It is a preliminary stage process aiming to give additional information for the beginning of a stratigraphic harmonization project concerning sedimentary basins of the. The iullemeden sedimentary basin, located in mali, niger and nigeria, with minor areas in algeria and benin, covers a region of approximately 525 000 km 2 with about 31 000 km 2 in mali, 434 000 km 2 in niger and 60 000 km 2 in nigeria. In nigeria, the dominant type of basement rock intersected by wells drilled for hydrocarbons, limestone, or water is granite. Sedimentary basin an overview sciencedirect topics. Petroleum potentials of the nigerian benue trough and. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george obaje.
Manganese, uranium, iron ore precious metals gold precious stones rubby, sapphire, beryl, and other gemstones. In general, high magnetic values arise from igneous and crystalline basement rocks. Subsurface evaluation of source rock and hydrocarbon potential of the anambra basin, south eastern nigeria pdf. In cameroon, there are two main types of sedimentary basins, which belong to three active african petroleum systems, namely, niger delta, west african salt basins and southern and central africa rifts. The hydrogeological basins in nigeria are as defined in the geological map. The essential element of the concept is tectonic creation of relief, to. Sedimentary basins societe nationale des hydrocarbures. Tectonic extension at divergent boundaries where continental rifting is occurring can create a nascent ocean basin leading to either an ocean or the failure of the rift zone. Sedimentary logs, satellite images, a digital elevation model, and drone photogrammetry were used to track variations in downslope channel geometry and infill facies. These sedimentary rocks form plains and scarp lands, namely, the sokoto plains, the nigerbenue trough, the chad plains, the coastal plains of south western nigeria, the plains and scarp lands. Older sedimentary deposits were not preserved, probably because during the paleozoic early mesozoic, what is now nigeria was a broad regional basement uplift, with no major basin subsi dence for sediment accumulation.
The basin is the eastern extension of the cote divoireghana basin and formed as a result of transtensional movement during the separation of africa and south america. It is delimited in the northeast and southwest by the basement complex while it merges with anambra and sokoto basins in sedimentary fill. It is bounded by the saltpond basin in the east and the st. The basin is 300km nesw trendingsyncline, located at the south western dip of the benue trough in. Anambra basin, benue trough, bida, bornu, niger delta and sokoto basins. Convergent boundaries create foreland basins through tectonic compression of oceanic and continental crust during lithospheric flexure. Nkporo shale of late campanian age is the basal facies of the late cretaceous sedimentary cycle in the anambra basin.
Anambra basin is one of the energyrich inland sedimentary basins in nigeria. The study area is part of anambra basin, south eastern nigeria, which lies between longitude 7o00e 7o30e and latitude 6 o 00n 6 o 30n fig. Breakthroughs in new techniques are described in section 1, including detrital zircon geochronology, cosmogenic nuclide dating. In northwestern nigeria the geothermal anomaly of sokoto basin extends to the niger territory. Pdf download sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of. In cameroon, along the atlantic margin, two sedimentary basins are separated by the cameroon volcanic line cvl. May 14, 2016 sedimentary basins are regions of the earth of long term subsidence creating accommodation space for infilling by sediment. Robertson basins and plays tellus sedimentary basins of. Known as sedimentary basins, these features come in many shapes and sizes. The subsidence can result from a variety of causes that include. Nigerias nationwide highresolution airborne geophysical surveys figure 1. Preliminary catalog of the sedimentary basins of the united states by james l.
Cahan the text accompanying this catalog gives a very brief synopsis of the age and style of the listed sedimentary basins and is not intended to be a substantial discussion of all of. Pdf by using drilling data and geophysical wireline logs of. The niger delta sedimentary basin of nigeria contains more than 12km of. In the background is the geological map of nigeria ngsa, 2006. The mesozoic younger granite ring complexes of nigeria form part of a wider province of alkaline anorogenic magmatism extending from northern niger republic to south central nigeria. Part 3 presents the mineral resources of nigeria, their geological environment, mode of occurrence, localities and where possible their estimated reserves. The purpose of this report is to provide information seeed studio relay shield pdf download the geology and petroleum potential of selected sedimentary basins in the newfoundland and labrador offshore. Radiogenic heat production from well logs in part of niger. Indeed, except for the eastern highlands in adamawa area and the jos plateau, basins characterized by broad gently sloping plains dominate the northern half of nigeria. Abstract the radiogenic heat produced from radioactive elements has been investigated in some parts of niger delta sedimentary basin. Some of the aquifers are already under stress resulting in near mining conditions of the. Tectonics of sedimentary basins article pdf available in geological society of america bulletin 10011.